Ovarian cancer risks and prevention

Ovarian cancer can affect anyone with ovaries. Most people who develop ovarian cancer do not have a personal or family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer. However, certain individuals are at a higher risk of developing the disease. If you have any of the following risk factors for ovarian cancer, it’s important to talk to your doctor.

• Genetic predisposition: Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can cause ovarian cancer. 
• History: A personal or family history of breast, ovarian, or colon cancer raises your risk of ovarian cancer. 
• Increasing age: The likelihood of developing ovarian cancer increases as you get older. 
• Infertility or no history of pregnancy: People who have never been pregnant are more likely to develop ovarian cancer than people who have been pregnant. 
• Excess body fat: Excess body fat as measured by body mass index (BMI) increases your risk of ovarian cancer. Diet and nutrition may play a role in prevention. 
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): Evidence suggests that using HRT after menopause may slightly increase your risk of developing ovarian cancer. 
• Environmental factors: Certain substances, such as talcum powder, are being researched for links to ovarian cancer. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about any past exposures.

Penn Medicine is a national leader in the field of breast and ovarian cancer genetics. We were the first medical center in the country to establish a breast and ovarian cancer risk evaluation program, the Mariann and Robert MacDonald Cancer Risk Evaluation Center, offering comprehensive cancer risk evaluation services. In addition, the Basser Center for BRCA at Penn Medicine offers genetic screening and counseling for BRCA-related cancers to help you understand and reduce your risk. Our teams of expert genetic counselors and gynecologic oncologists can provide the information, care, and support you need to make the best decisions about your health.